Clei per fiber in the gastrocnemius and diaphragm. (Figure 1). TUNEL assay. In the tibialis anterior, there was a significant increase in the percent TUNEL positive nuclei per field found in dy2J mice compared to controls (p,0.04). (Figure 2).Body and organ weights. Analysis of values as a percentage of mean wild type values. Table S1 demonstrates how the outcome measures inQuantification of FibrosisParaffin sections of gastrocnemius and diaphragm tissue were stained with picrosirius red by Histoserv, Inc. (Germantown, MD). The tissues were magnified under a light microscope at an objective of 1.25X and digital images obtained using computer software (Olympus C.A.S.T. Stereology System, Olympus America Inc., Center Valley, PA). These digital images were processed using Image J (NIH) with additional threshold color plug-ins to process jpeg images. Pixels corresponding to the area stained in red were normalized to the total pixel area of the tissue image and the results were expressed as percent of collagen. [18].Statistical AnalysisNormality of each quantitative measurement was assessed using the Shapiro-Wilk normality test and those measurements not meeting the normality assumption were analyzed with nonparametric tests. Mean comparisons between treatment groups were done at baseline (Table 1) and at 17.5 weeks (Table 2) using analysis of variance (ANOVA). For those ANOVA models showing a significant overall p-value (p,0.05), post-hoc pair-wise linear tests were performed with the resulting p-values adjusted for multiple tert-Butylhydroquinone site testing using the Sidak method. Median comparisons between treatment groups were done for those non-normally distributed measures (open field activity) using Kruskal-Wallis tests. For those tests showing a significant p-value (p,0.05), post-hoc pair-wise linear tests were performed using purchase Gracillin Wilcoxon rank sum tests with the resulting p-values adjusted for multiple testing using the Sidak method. Histological evaluations were compared between groups using poisson regression for count data with group included as an indicator variable. Measurements at 17.5 weeks were also evaluated as a percentage of mean W/T values where percentage was calculated as (individual values/mean of W/T group) * 100. Median percentages were compared between three dy2J mice groups using Kruskal-Wallis tests with post-hoc pairwise comparisons done with Wilcoxon rank sum tests and resulting p-values adjusted using the Sidak method. The percentage of W/T could not be calculated for several histological evaluations could due to all W/T animals having a zero value. Nominal significance was set at alpha = 0.05 and all analyses were performed using Stata V 11 (College Station, TX).dy2J mice vary in respect to wild type mice measures at 30?3 weeks of age. The previous results are depicted as a percentage of the wild type value and show decreased body/organ weights, activity levels, grip strength and specific force measures.Phenotypic Differences Between dy2J Mice Treated with Omigapil and Untreated dy2J MiceAt 30?3 weeks of age, there were no significant differences in body weights, organ weights or grip strength among the three dy2J 23977191 homozygous groups with different omigapil dosages and vehicle treatment (Table 3). Outcome measures for controls and vehicle and treated dy2J mice at 22?5 weeks of age and 26?9 weeks of age are shown in Tables S2 and S3. Behavioral assessments. At the completion of the trial, dy2J mice treated with 0.1 mg/kg omigapil showed sign.Clei per fiber in the gastrocnemius and diaphragm. (Figure 1). TUNEL assay. In the tibialis anterior, there was a significant increase in the percent TUNEL positive nuclei per field found in dy2J mice compared to controls (p,0.04). (Figure 2).Body and organ weights. Analysis of values as a percentage of mean wild type values. Table S1 demonstrates how the outcome measures inQuantification of FibrosisParaffin sections of gastrocnemius and diaphragm tissue were stained with picrosirius red by Histoserv, Inc. (Germantown, MD). The tissues were magnified under a light microscope at an objective of 1.25X and digital images obtained using computer software (Olympus C.A.S.T. Stereology System, Olympus America Inc., Center Valley, PA). These digital images were processed using Image J (NIH) with additional threshold color plug-ins to process jpeg images. Pixels corresponding to the area stained in red were normalized to the total pixel area of the tissue image and the results were expressed as percent of collagen. [18].Statistical AnalysisNormality of each quantitative measurement was assessed using the Shapiro-Wilk normality test and those measurements not meeting the normality assumption were analyzed with nonparametric tests. Mean comparisons between treatment groups were done at baseline (Table 1) and at 17.5 weeks (Table 2) using analysis of variance (ANOVA). For those ANOVA models showing a significant overall p-value (p,0.05), post-hoc pair-wise linear tests were performed with the resulting p-values adjusted for multiple testing using the Sidak method. Median comparisons between treatment groups were done for those non-normally distributed measures (open field activity) using Kruskal-Wallis tests. For those tests showing a significant p-value (p,0.05), post-hoc pair-wise linear tests were performed using Wilcoxon rank sum tests with the resulting p-values adjusted for multiple testing using the Sidak method. Histological evaluations were compared between groups using poisson regression for count data with group included as an indicator variable. Measurements at 17.5 weeks were also evaluated as a percentage of mean W/T values where percentage was calculated as (individual values/mean of W/T group) * 100. Median percentages were compared between three dy2J mice groups using Kruskal-Wallis tests with post-hoc pairwise comparisons done with Wilcoxon rank sum tests and resulting p-values adjusted using the Sidak method. The percentage of W/T could not be calculated for several histological evaluations could due to all W/T animals having a zero value. Nominal significance was set at alpha = 0.05 and all analyses were performed using Stata V 11 (College Station, TX).dy2J mice vary in respect to wild type mice measures at 30?3 weeks of age. The previous results are depicted as a percentage of the wild type value and show decreased body/organ weights, activity levels, grip strength and specific force measures.Phenotypic Differences Between dy2J Mice Treated with Omigapil and Untreated dy2J MiceAt 30?3 weeks of age, there were no significant differences in body weights, organ weights or grip strength among the three dy2J 23977191 homozygous groups with different omigapil dosages and vehicle treatment (Table 3). Outcome measures for controls and vehicle and treated dy2J mice at 22?5 weeks of age and 26?9 weeks of age are shown in Tables S2 and S3. Behavioral assessments. At the completion of the trial, dy2J mice treated with 0.1 mg/kg omigapil showed sign.
